Referencing
Academic writing is a central part of your studies. Your own knowledge is based on other academic texts and images. That is why it is important you correctly credit the work and ideas that you use.
A correct and consistent list of references is essential so your readers can judge your work accurately and evaluate the sources you have used. Different institutions and subject areas use various reference styles, you find more information about that below. Ask our librarians if you need help.
Shortcuts to the content
Reference management guides
The context in which you will publish your work often determines which reference style you should use. Below, you can find the resources available at the Library of Science.
Biology Library
- Writing and sources, a guide for students in Biology and Environmental science – lub.lu.se
- Reference guide for APA 7th Edition – lub.lu.se
Physics and Astronomy Library
Academic writing guide for physics students at advanced level – lub.lu.se
Geolibrary
Students of the Department of Geology and the Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science should use APA Style 7th Edition.
Reference guide for APA 7th Edition – lub.lu.se
Library of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Library of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering guide to reference styles – lub.lu.se
Different reference styles
Lund University Library guide to reference styles – lub.lu.se
Reference management software
Reference management software can be useful for major writing projects such as a Bachelor's paper, a Master's paper or a PhD thesis, as it can help you manage your references, save full texts, and create lists of references in a variety of styles.
EndNote
Students at Lund University have access to the reference management software EndNote. The Library of Science offers EndNote tutorials for students who are about to write their thesis. Contact Britta Smångs (britta [dot] smangs [at] science [dot] lu [dot] se) for EndNote support and guidance.
Students can also download EndNote and learn the basics from online tutorials.
Endnote 20 Introductory course created by librarians at Lund University – canvas.lu.se
Get started with EndNote via the Social sciences library guide to – lub.lu.se
Zotero
Zotero is a free and open source reference management software. We have created a Zotero workshop for beginners in Canvas that will guide you through how to get started and use the program. You can take the workshop whenever you want.
Zotero workshop for beginners – canvas.lu.se
If you want a manual to Zotero, or want to know more about the program, please go to Zotero's own quick start guide.
Quick start guide for Zotero – zotero.org
You can also contact Frida Rosengren (frida [dot] rosengren [at] science [dot] lu [dot] se) for Zotero support and guidance from the library.
Other reference management software
There is a range of other open source reference management software to choose from, such as Mendeley and JabRef. In physics and engineering, it is common to use open source programs such as BibTeX and LaTeX.
Cheating and plagiarism
Lund University uses the tool "Ouriginal" (formerly Urkund) to detect and prevent cheating and plagiarism. It is an email-based tool that uses text-matching and writing-style analysis to analyse students’ work.
Book a librarian
Students, doctoral students, researchers, lecturers: anyone can book a librarian for help with citations and references, registering dissertations and research publications, managing research data, study support, and more.